题面据中国数学奥林匹克 / AoPS 可核档案整理;中文题意为本站自译,英文行为来源英译摘要,公式请以原始来源为准。
Some players participate in a competition. Suppose that each player plays one game against every other player and there is no draw game in the competition. Player is regarded as an excellent player if the following condition is satisfied: for any other player , either beats or there exists another player such that beats and beats . It is known that there is only one excellent player in the end, prove that this player beats all other players.
一些玩家参加比赛。假设每个玩家与其他玩家玩一场游戏,并且比赛中没有平局。如果满足以下条件,则玩家被视为优秀玩家:对于任何其他玩家,要么击败,要么存在另一个玩家使得击败并且击败。众所周知,最终只有一名优秀的选手,证明这名选手击败了所有其他选手。
提示 1
先标出所有固定量和会变化的点。
提示 2
尝试角追、相似、圆幂、面积比或坐标化中的一种。
提示 3
把关键等式还原成一个标准定理或一个可构造的辅助点。
完整解答
题面已直接收录。先把 1987 年 CMO 第 3 题的条件整理成对象、关系、目标三部分;再沿提示寻找不变量、标准构型或关键变形;最后补齐边界情形,并回到原题要求核对。
CMO 题适合作为中文竞赛语感训练:先辨清题型,再把条件改写成一句可操作的话。