If from a point on a parabola a line parallel to the axis is drawn, and a chord parallel to the tangent at that point meets it, the chord is bisected there; conversely, a bisected chord is parallel to that tangent.
从抛物线上一点作轴向直线;若一条弦平行于该点切线并与此直线相交,则交点平分该弦。反过来,被该直线平分的弦也平行于该切线。
当前 figure schema 只画点、直线、圆和角;这里用弦 Qq、顶点 P、直径 PV、切线 QT 和内接三角形骨架表示抛物线弓形。
Use the diameter through P and the chord or ordinate drawn parallel to the tangent.
使用过 P 的直径,以及平行于切线的弦或纵线。
Apply the standard conic facts quoted by Archimedes as elements of conics.
调用阿基米德称为“圆锥曲线基础”的标准事实。
Translate the configuration into a proportion among the marked line segments.
把图形关系转化为标记线段之间的比例。
That proportion supplies the area comparison needed later in the quadrature proof.
这个比例为后续求弓形面积提供面积比较依据。
In coordinates this is a basic parabola identity, but the course keeps Archimedes’ language of diameters, tangents and chords.
用坐标看,这是抛物线的基本恒等关系;课程里仍保留阿基米德的直径、切线和弦的说法。
不看完整证明,说明“命题 1 · 平行切线的弦被直径平分”这一命题的已知、要证和关键比较对象。
看一个提示
- 先把几何对象命名,再说它们之间要比较什么量。
- 穷竭法命题要特别留意“若大于”和“若小于”两边。