In any triangle two angles taken together in any manner are less than two right angles.
任一三角形中,任意两角合起来小于两个直角。
三角形 ABC,BC 延长到 D。外角 ACD 大于内对角 ABC,因此 ABC 与 ACB 合起来小于二直角。
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Let ABC be a triangle; I say that two angles of the triangle ABC taken together in any manner are less than two right angles. For let BC be produced to D.
延长三角形的一边,形成外角。
[Post. 2] Then, since the angle ACD is an exterior angle of the triangle ABC, it is greater than the interior and opposite angle ABC. [I. 16] Let the angle ACB be added to each; therefore the angles ACD, ACB are greater than the angles ABC, BCA.
由 euclid-elements/book1-prop-016,外角大于任一个内对角。
But the angles ACD, ACB are equal to two right angles. [I. 13] Therefore the angles ABC, BCA are less than two right angles.
外角与相邻内角合为两个直角(euclid-elements/book1-prop-013)。
Similarly we can prove that the angles BAC, ACB are also less than two right angles, and so are the angles CAB, ABC as well. Therefore etc.
把“大于”的外角换成内对角,可知任意两内角之和小于两个直角。