2022 Putnam B1

Suppose that $P(x) = a_1 x + a_2 x^2 + \cdots + a_n x^n$ is a polynomial with integer coefficients, with $a_1$ odd. Suppose that $e^{P(x)} = b_0 + b_1 x + b_2 x^2 + \cdots$ for all $x$. Prove that $b_k$ is nonzero for all $k \geq 0$.

假设 $P(x) = a_1 x + a_2 x^2 + \cdots + a_n x^n$ 是一个具有整数系数的多项式，其中 $a_1$ 为奇数。假设对于所有 $x$，$e^{P(x)} = b_0 + b_1 x + b_2 x^2 + \cdots$。证明对于所有 $k \geq 0$，$b_k$ 不为零。